In an analysis, the base refers to the specific group of records being used to calculate a result. For instance, for the result "50% of all respondents are male", the base is all respondents. For "50% of females are under 30", the base is females. The base is used when calculating percentages, and if values are being reported, it is also used to calculate the average.
Harmoni has a lot of flexibility to define the base for a result. The default setting is Total (qualified) with the percentage direction down. However, if the Total (qualified) is not what you want, a different Total Type can be set and/or different bases can be applied using apply base in the project design.
In this article
- Single axis analysis with Total (qualified) Base
- Cross tab analysis with Total (qualified) Base
- Analysis with a filter and Total Base
- Base Options
- Source Options
In most instances, the base used for calculations is the same as the Total option selectedLearn more about Total Options.
- Information on the base used is available at the top of the analysis in the interactive title, where "% based on" identifies the direction of the percentage calculation.
- The base identifies the value used as the denominator of percentage calculations.
- The base identifies the value used as the count for average calculations.
- The number the count is divided by, when calculating a percentage. To see the base of each cell in the analysis select B from the modify menu.
- The available base options vary depending on the content of the analysis.
In most instances, the base used for calculations is the same as the Total option selected.
1. Single axis analysis with Total (qualified) Base
When analyzing a single standard axis that has no other bases specifically applied, the percentages and average calculations are based on the Total (qualified) optionLearn more about Total Options. selected.
- Drag an axis into the analysis drop zone and select Modify menu
- Under Format, add a new calculation - Weighted Base to see each cell's base
- The Base value is the same as the total count
| Scenario | total | base | Percentages Calculation | What does this mean? |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Single Axis | Total (qualified)=936 | 936* The base is the same as the total. | Gender percentages based on Total |
51% of all respondents across all sources who gave a response are males. 482/936= 51% |
2. Crosstab analysis with Total (qualified) Base
In an analysis with at least one variable down and one across, the default is column-based percentages.
Percentages can be interpreted as:
x% of those in the base item are the intersection item.
You can change the direction of the percentage base calculation by clicking the flip percentage base icon in the interactive title. This changes what variable the percentages are based on.
In this example, Overall Satisfaction-Top 2 box is in the down dimension with Gender across. The default setting displays Overall Satisfaction percentages based on Gender. Flipping the percentage base changes the analysis to Gender percentages based on Overall Satisfaction.
- Overall Satisfaction-Top 2 is down and Gender is across
- Percentages are column based and are based on Gender
- Change to row-based percentages by clicking the flip percentage base icon
- Percentages are now based on Gender
Down Percentages
Down Percentages (column-based percentages) calculate the percentage that each cell represents as a proportion of the total for each column in the table. The base for down percentages is the value in the Total row at the top of the table.
X% of those in the base item are down dimension item.
Here we show two examples using Total base and Total (qualified) base.
Total Base: All respondents
- Base definition: Overall Satisfaction percentages based on Gender
- 24% of Females are Top 2 in Overall Satisfaction
Total (qualified) Base: All respondents, excluding missing items, i.e., All Respondents who answered the question.
- Base definition: Overall Satisfaction percentages based on Gender
- 76% of Females are Top 2 in Overall Satisfaction
- Satisfaction percentages based on gender using Total Base
- Percentages are based on each gender across all respondents
- Change the TYPE to Total (qualified) to exclude missing values
Across Percentages
Across Percentages (row-based percentages) calculate the percentages that each item represents as a proportion of the total for each row in the table. The base for across percentages is the value in the Total column to the left of the table.
X% of those in the base item are across dimension item.
Here we show the Total (qualified) Base. All Respondents, excluding missing items
- Base definition: Gender percentages based on Overall Satisfaction
- 49% of those in the Top 2 of Overall Satisfaction are Female.
To change to across percentages, use the interactive title. Click on percentages based on, and select the relevant metric from the drop down menu (i.e. your down dimension in a cross tab).
- Satisfaction percentages based on gender using Total (qualified) Base
- Flip the percentage base by clicking the icon
- Gender percentages are based on Top 2 Satisfaction
| Scenario | total | base | Percentages Calculation | What does this mean? |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Down Percentages |
Total (qualified) Female =142 | 142* The base is the same as the total. |
Overall Satisfaction percentages based on Gender |
76% of Females who gave a response are in the Top 2 of Overall Satisfaction. Top 2 = 108/142= 76% |
|
Across Percentages |
Total (qualified) Top 2 =220 |
220* The base is the same as the total. | Gender percentages based on Overall Satisfaction |
49% of those in the Top 2 of Overall Satisfaction are Females. Top 2 = 108/220= 49% |
3. Analysis with a filter and Total (qualified) Base
When you want to focus on a specific group within your sample, apply a filter using the analysis drop zonesLearn more about analysis drop zones.
- The filter selected applies to the entire analysis, i.e. the Total (qualified) counts (numerator) and the base (denominator).
- Information on the filter being applied is displayed at the top of the analysis.
X% of those in the base item and filter item are down dimension item.
- Base definition: Overall Satisfaction percentages based on Gender
- 74% of female independent travelers are in the Top 2 of Overall Satisfaction.
| Scenario | total | base | Percentages Calculation | What does this mean? |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Down Percentages with a filter (Traveler Type: Independent Traveler) |
Total (qualified) Female=89 | 89* The base is the same as the total. | Overall Satisfaction percentages based on Gender |
78% of female independent travelers who gave a response are in the Top 2 of Overall Satisfaction. Top 2 = 70/ 90= 78% |
4. Base Options
The default base in Harmoni is cell base. Whether you've applied a filter, or changed the percentage base direction, the cell base is used as the base. You can see this by turning on the Base calculation type (B). For the Total row, it's possible to change the base to Total Base (instead of cell base). You can also display decimal places by entering the number of decimal places you want.
Cell Base
- This is the default selection for bases in the analysis
- Each column has a different base for column-based percentages
- Each row has a different base for row-based percentages
- You can add decimal places if required
X% of those in the base item are down dimension item.
- Base definition: Overall Satisfaction percentages based on Gender
- 76% of Females are in the Top 2 of Overall Satisfaction
Total Base (Totals Only)
This option lets you use a different base only for the total row. This is helpful when comparing the overall distribution (total row) with distributions within specific categories (other rows).
A common use of this would be when showing in the down table percentages and wanting to retain across percentages in the total row.
When using Total Base (Totals only):
- Total row percentages are calculated across. It calculates the percentages that each item represents as a proportion of the total row in the table.
- The rest of the table displays Cell Base percentages.
- The analysis defaults to cell-based calculations
- Total row percentages are 100%
- Change the Base option to Total Base(Totals Only)
- All elements in the total row display percentages based on the overall total (across percentages)
5. Source Options
Harmoni calculates percentages for variables based on the data source they are in, but sometimes a variable may not be included across all data sources. In this instance, it’s important to have the choice to include all sources when Harmoni calculates percentages. In this way, you can base percentages on the project total and not the source total.
The Include all sources option is available via a personalization key and is accessible in the drop down menu of the base (B) calculation type under source options.
Include all sources
Consider a project with three data sources where a brand is only introduced in the third source. Selecting the Include all sources option expands the base option to include all records from all three sources. Instead of the source total, percentages are now based on the project total.
- The source total is the default base selection and selecting Include all sources changes the base to the project total.
- This option is enabled with Total Base (Totals Only) option.
- Once activated, this option will remain on throughout the session unless it is clicked off or the user logs out.
This feature is not designed to use in conjunction with an applied base. When an applied base is the set base for the axis, do not use the Include all sources option.
Where to from here?
Learn more about Bases: